Uko wajyena igihe cyo guhindura amavuta mu makamyo
Mu myaka mirongo itandatu ishize, guhindura amavuta ya moteri ku modoka z'amakamyo byakorwaga kenshi buri 800 – 1000 km. Ariko kubera amavuta y'ubwiza buhanitse, ibikomoka kuri peteroli bisukuye, tekinoroji y'ifiliteri yateye imbere ndetse n'imodoka zifite moteri zateye imbere, ubu birashoboka kongera igihe cyo gukuramo amavuta kugera kuri 100,000 km. Icyakora, igihe gisanzwe cyo guhindura amavuta kiri hafi ya 35,000 km, kandi ntibita cyane ku guhindura ubu buryo bitewe n'ibibazo bitandukanye n'ibindi bibazo ibi bikoresho biba bihura nabyo. Urugero, imodoka ebyiri zakozwe mu buryo bumwe zishobora kugira ubuzima bw'amavuta butandukanye; imwe ishobora kugera hafi 80,000 km, mu gihe indi ishobora kuba imara amavuta ku 25,000 km.
Iyi mpinduka mu buzima bw'amavuta ya moteri ituruka ku bintu bitatu by'ingenzi:
- Uburyo moteri ikozwe, imyaka imaze, n'ibyo ikoreshwa. Imiterere y'uburyo moteri ikozwe, hamwe n'ibikorwa bitandukanye byo kuyikoresha, n'ibindi bibazo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bw'amavuta.
- Uburyo imodoka itwarwamo n'ibyo ikoreshwa – aho n'ukuntu imodoka itwarwa. 41% by'abakozi bita ku mavuta basanga aho n'ukuntu imodoka itwarwa ari byo bitera cyane kubaho k'umurimo w'amavuta.
- Imiterere y'amavuta, ubuziranenge n'imikorere y'amavuta ya moteri.
Igihe cyiza cyo guhindura amavuta ya moteri ni igihe ingaruka zo kubura amavuta atameze neza ziba zitaruta igihe n'ikiguzi byo kongera igihe cyo kuyagumamo. Izi ngaruka zishobora kuba iz'igihe gito cyangwa iz'igihe kirekire. Ingaruka z'igihe gito ni nko kugabanyuka kw'ubushobozi bwo kuzigama lisansi bitewe n'ibura ry'amavuta meza kugeza igihe amavuta ahinduwe. Ingaruka z'igihe kirekire ni nko kwangirika kw'ibice bya moteri, bikaba byatera ibihombo bijyanye no gusana, kongera ibikoresho cyangwa kugabanya igihe imodoka imaze idakoreshwa.
Biragoye kuvuga neza igihe nyacyo cyo guhindura amavuta ya moteri, ariko kuko izi mpinduka zitamenyekana buri gihe mu mikorere isanzwe y'amakamyo, igisubizo cyiza ni ubushobozi bw'umuyobozi bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amavuta mu gihe icyo ari cyo cyose haba ku buryo bwa sensors (ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga), isuzuma ry'amavuta cyangwa mu gihe cy'isuzuma ry'ubwiza.
Ubuzima bw'amavuta ya moteri ni ingenzi ku buzima bwa moteri no ku modoka muri rusange. Urugero, amavuta ya moteri atembera mu bice bitandukanye bya moteri kugira ngo arinde kwangirika, agafasha moteri gukora neza, agafasha gucunga ubushyuhe bwa moteri, agasukura imyanda, kandi agafite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwikubanaho n’ubwo bwo gupfundikirango amavuta atameneka.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ingenzi guhitamo amavuta ya moteri afite ubuziranenge buhanitse, bityo ibikoresho byawe bikaba birinzwe neza kandi ikiguzi cyo kuyitaho kikagabanuka.
