Additives ni iki?

Ni izihe nyongeramusaruro?

Additive ni ikinyabutabire cyongerwa mu kintu runaka mu rugero ruto kugira ngo gifashe kunoza cyangwa guteza imbere imikorere yacyo.

Mu mavuta ya moteri, hakunze kongerwamo igice cyihariye cy’inyongeramusaruro (Performance Additive Package), gishobora kuba ku kigero cya 15% - 25% y’ibigize ayo mavuta. Igice gisigaye kigizwe n’amavuta asanzwe (base oil).

Izi additives zifasha guteza imbere imikorere y’amavuta ya moteri no kongera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukabije no kugumana ubuziranenge (viscosity).

Uruhare rw’inyongeramusaruro (Additives) mu Mavuta ya Moteri

Mu mavuta ya moteri, inyongeramusaruro (additives) zitandukanye zongerwamo kugira ngo zitume akora neza kandi aramba. Dore zimwe mu zikunze gukoreshwa:

• Oxidation inhibitors (antioxidants) ni inyongeramusaruro zirwanya kwangirika kw’amavuta bitewe no guhura n’icyuka (oxidation) no kuzamura igihe amavuta amara akora neza. Iyo amavuta yangiritse, arakomera, agahinduka nk’igikoma (sludge) bigatuma moteri idakora neza. Antioxidants zituma amavuta aramba kandi agumana isuku.
• Rust & Corrosion Inhibitors
  Zirinda ibice bya moteri kuribwa n’ingese cyangwa kwangirika bitewe n’umwanda, amazi, n’amaside (acids). Zikora urwego rukingira ibice bya moteri kugira ngo bidafatwa n’izi ngaruka mbi.
• Anti-wear agents / Extreme Pressure (EP) agents
  Zirinda kwangirika kw’ibice bikora cyane mu moteri nko ku nkuta za sirendere, impeta za piston (piston rings), lifters, na cams. Zikoramo urwego rukingira izi nyegamo kugira ngo bidakocorana.

• Demulsifiers
  Zifasha mu gutandukanya amavuta n’amazi, kugira ngo moteri ikomeze gukora neza.

• Viscosity Index (VI) Improvers
  Ni ibinyabutabire bufasha gukomeza ubuziranenge bw’amavuta ku bushyuhe butandukanye. Iyo ubushyuhe buzamutse, izi VI Improvers zitanga ubushobozi bwo kutabyimba cyane no kudatakaza ubuziranenge. Iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse, zireka gukora cyane kugira ngo amavuta akomeze kugira ubuziranenge.

• Pour-Point Depressants
  Zifasha amavuta kuguma yoroshye no gutemba neza iyo hakonje cyane, bityo moteri igakora neza mugihe amavuta atakomeye.

• Detergents na Dispersants
  Zifasha gukomeza isuku y’amavuta ya moteri no gukuraho imyanda nk’ivumbi na soot iba yagiye mu mavuta.

• Anti-Foam Agents
  Zibuza amavuta kwirema urufuro (foam) kuko iyo bibaye, amavuta ntashobora gusiga neza ibice byose bya moteri cyangwa kuyikonjesha uko bikwiye.

• Tackiness Agents
  Zongera ubushobozi bw’amavuta bwo kuguma ku bice bisigwe kugira ngo atameneka, atagwa cyangwa ngo asabwe n’ikirere.

Izi additives zituma amavuta ya moteri akora neza, aramba kandi arinda moteri kwangirika, bikayiha imikorere myiza no kuramba.