Azote cyangwa umwuka usanzwe mu mapine yawe, ikiruta ikindi ni iki?
Azote ni iki?
Ariko se azote ni iki? Umwuka dusanzwe duhumeka ugizwe na 78% bya azote, 21% by’umwuka wa ogisijeni, na 1% y’indi myuka itandukanye nka neon na argon. Azote ni umwuka utagira ibara, impumuro, cyangwa ubuhehere. Ni umwuka udashya kandi utavamo imiti iyo uri mu bihe bisanzwe.
Umuvuduko w’ipine
Mu buryo busanzwe, umwuka usanzwe winjira mu mapine ushobora gusohoka buhoro buhoro binyuze mu myenge mito cyane, bigatuma igipimo cy’umuvuduko kigabanuka. Ariko kuko azote igizwe n’uduce tugari kurusha umwuka usanzwe, iyo myuka isohoka buhoro cyane.
Iyo umwuka usanzwe usunitse, amazi arimo aba ikinyabutabire gitemba (liquid), maze iyo uwo mwuka winjiye mu mapine, ayo mazi ajyanamo. Iyo utwaye imodoka, ubushyuhe bw’ipine buriyongera, bigatuma amazi ahinduka umwuka maze ukagura, bikongera igipimo cy’umuvuduko w’ipine. Ibi ntibibaho kuri azote kuko yo ari umwuka ‘wumye’.
Ikinyamakuru Consumer Reports cyakoze igerageza kugira ngo kimenye itandukaniro riri hagati y’azote n’umwuka usanzwe mu mapine. Bagerageje amoko 31 y’amapine, imwe bayuzuzamo umwuka usanzwe indi bayuzuzamo azote ifite isuku ya 95%. Bashyize igipimo cy’umuvuduko kuri 30 psi mu bushyuhe busanzwe, bashyira amapine hanze, barangije bategereza umwaka. Nyuma y’uwo mwaka, basubiye gupima igipimo cy’umuvuduko.
Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko amapine yari yuzuyemo umwuka usanzwe yagabanutseho psi 3.5 ku mpuzandengo, mu gihe ayari yuzuyemo azote yagabanutseho psi 2.2. Ibi bivuze ko itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo ari psi 1.3 gusa. Icy’ingenzi ni uko amapine yose yagabanutseho umuvuduko, hatitawe ku bwoko bw’umwuka wari wuzuyemo.
Kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli
Kugumana umuvuduko w’amapine ku gipimo bidahiduka ni ingenzi mu kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Iyo umuvuduko w’ipine wagabanutse, imbaraga zisabwa kugira ngo ipine rizunguruke ziyongera, bityo imodoka ikenera lisansi nyinshi. Nk’uko twabibonye haruguru, itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko hagati y’umwuka usanzwe na azote ni rito cyane, bityo gukoresha azote ntibitanga inyungu nini mu kugabanya ikoreshwa rya lisansi. Icy’ingenzi ni uko ugira umuco wo kugenzura neza umuvuduko w’amapine yawe.
Ubuzima bw’amapine
Hari abavuga ko azote ishobora kongera igihe amapine yawe amara akiri mazima, kimwe n’ibyo imodoka yikorera. Umwuka wa ogisijeni usanzwe ujyana n’ubushyuhe bushobora gutera ingaruka imbere mwipine, bikaba kerekeza ku kwangirika kwaryo. Ku rundi ruhande, azote ni umwuka wumye, ntigira ubuhehere, bityo ntituma ibyo bibazo bibaho. Ariko rero, mbere y’uko uko kwangirika gutangira kugaragara, ipine ryaba ryararangije igihe cyaryo kubera irangi ryo hejuru (tread) rishaje. Iyi nyungu rero yagirira akamaro gusa imodoka ibitse igihe kirekire cyangwa idakoreshwa kenshi.
Kuboneka no kugura azote
Umwuka usanzwe uboneka henshi kandi akenshi ntugurwa cyangwa ugurwa make. Ku rundi ruhande, igiciro cyo kuzuzamo amapine yawe azote kiratandukanye bitewe n’aho uri. Kuzuzamo amapine ane azote bishobora gutwara amafaranga menshi. Nanone, igikorwa cyo kuyishyira mu mapine gifata igihe kinini, bikaba byongera ikiguzi. Ikindi kibazo ni uko kubona ahantu huzuzwa azote bitoroshye; si buri gare, aho bogoshera imodoka, cyangwa sitasiyo ya lisansi ibifite, bityo ushobora gutakaza igihe ushakisha aho wayisanga.
Umwanzuro: Azote iruta umwuka usanzwe mu mapine?
Ubwo se twakwanzura iki ku byiza n’ibibi byo gukoresha azote? Keretse niba utwara imodoka z’imikino (racing cars), ufite imodoka ibitse igihe kirekire, cyangwa utayikoresha kenshi, gukoresha azote ntibiguha inyungu zifatika. Ahubwo bigutwara amafaranga menshi n’igihe. Gukoresha azote kandi ntibisimbura kugenzura umuvuduko w’amapine yawe. Ahubwo, jya ukora isuzuma rimwe cyangwa kabiri mu kwezi, maze amapine yawe azakomeze kuba meza!
