Amavuta ya feri niki?

Amavuta ya feri ni iki?

Amavuta ya feri ni ubwoko bw’amavuta ya hydraulic akoreshwa muri feri za hydraulic no muri clutch za hydraulic mu modoka. Afite inshingano zo guhindura imbaraga mo umuvuduko no kongera imbaraga zo guhagarika imodoka. Mu magambo make, iyo ukandagije akaguru kuri pedali ya feri, amavuta ya feri ahindura iyo mbaraga mo umuvuduko, ugahita woherezwa kuri feri y’imbere n’iy’inyuma, bityo imodoka igahagarara. Ibi bishoboka ku amavuta kuko ntaburyo bwo kuyegeranya ngo abe mato buhari.
 

DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5 na DOT 5.1 Amavuta ya Feri: Itandukaniro ni irihe?

Ishami rishinzwe ubwikorezi (Department of Transportation - DOT) rigena ibyiciro by’amavuta ya feri hakurikijwe ibisobanuro byihariye. Ibi bisobanuro bishingiye ku bushyuhe bwabyo bwo kubira hamwe n’ibigize imiterere yabyo, byose bikaba ari ingenzi. Amavuta ya feri aboneka muri iki gihe agira ibyiciro bikurikira: DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5 na DOT 5.1.

DOT igena ibizamini bibiri by'ibanze kugira ngo harebwe imikorere y’amavuta ya feri:

• Ubushyuhe a bwatuma amavuta mashya abira (Dry Boiling Point) – ni ubushyuhe amavuta ya feri abiriraho iyo ari mashya.

• Ubushyuhe bwo kubira bw’amavuta amaze gukurura ubuhehere (Wet Boiling Point) – ni ubushyuhe amavuta ya feri abiriraho amaze gukurura amazi, bishushanya uko amavuta yitwara mu bihe nyabyo nyuma yo kumara igihe akoreshwa.

DOT 3, DOT 4 na DOT 5.1 ni amavuta ya feri ashingiye kuri glycol kandi akurura ubuhehere

Amavuta ya feri DOT 3, DOT 4 na DOT 5.1 akorwa hifashishijwe glycol kandi ni hygroscopic, bisobanura ko akurura amazi mu kirere. Amavuta ya feri ashingiye kuri glycol atangira gukurura ubuhehere ako kanya ashyizwe muri sisitemu ya feri cyangwa iyo akoze ku mwuka. Aya mavuta akurura amazi binyuze mu mwanya muto ubonetse mu miyoboro ya pulasitike, atambutse ku mipfundikizo ya rubber (seals), ndetse no guhura kw’imyuka yo mu ikirere.

Iyo amazi yinjiye muri sisitemu ya feri, ntiyegerana mu bice bito hasi (nk'ahari caliper) kubera ko uburemere bwayo buri hafi n’ubw’amavuta ya feri. Ahubwo, amazi asakara mu mavuta yose, bituma ubushyuhe bwo kubira bw’amavuta ya feri yose buguma hejuru, aho kugira ngo habeho ibice bimwe bifite amazi menshi, byatuma abira vuba kurusha ayandi mavuta.

Itandukaniro hagati ya DOT 3, DOT 4 na DOT 5.1 ni ubushyuhe bwo kubira(boiling point). Iyo ubushyuhe bwo kubira buri hejuru, bivuze ko amavuta abasha kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi no gukoreshwa kenshi. DOT 3 ni yo ifite ubushyuhe bwo kubira buri hasi, naho DOT 5.1 ni yo ifite ubushyuhe bwo kubira buri hejuru. Muri iki gihe, amavuta menshi ya feri akoreshwa mu modoka ashingiye kuri glycol, kandi ni meza ku modoka zifite imikorere yo hejuru, aho sisitemu ya feri ikunze kugera ku bushyuhe buringaniye.

DOT 5 ni amavuta ya feri ashingiye kuri silicone kandi atihuza byoroshye n’amazi (hydrophobic)

Amavuta ya feri DOT 5 akorwa hifashishijwe silicone, akaba afite umwihariko wo kutakurura amazi. Aya mavuta ntakurura amazi mu kirere iyo akoreshwa, bikayaha ubushobozi bwo kuramba igihe kirekire no kurinda ibice by’ingenzi bya sisitemu ya feri kugira ngo bitangirika cyangwa bikazana n’ingese.

Amavuta ya DOT 5 yatangijwe kugira ngo atange ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe buri hejuru ugereranyije na DOT 4 ishingiye kuri glycol. Ariko kuko akorwa hakoreshejwe silicone, ntabwo anyereza (lubricate) ABS pumps neza nk’amavuta ashingiye kuri glycol.

Icyo twakwibandaho hano ni uko hari ubwoko bubiri bw’amavuta ya feri:

• DOT 3, DOT 4 na DOT 5.1, bikozwe mu mavuta ashingiye kuri poly glycol.

• DOT 5, bikozwe mu mavuta ashingiye kuri silicone.

Kwivanga kwa glycol na silicone ntabwo byemewe na gato. Buri gihe, ugomba kugenzura ubwoko bw’amavuta ya feri asabwa kuri modoka yawe, ugashishoza ku cyanditse kuri master cylinder cyangwa mu gitabo cy’amabwiriza y’uwakoze imodoka (owner’s manual).